This report begins by exploring the rise of extremist groups in Pakistan and the avenues through which they increase their influence in society. The next section discusses government-led initiatives to counter extremism. This is followed by a broad overview of the scope and capacity of Pakistan’s civil society. Efforts to build public awareness and counter violent extremism are discussed along with challenges and limitations. The final section of the report provides recommendations for US policymakers on the potential of building the capacity of Pakistan’s civil society to improve the efficacy of existing initiatives and encourage the creation of new projects.