Based on extensive fieldwork and access to relevant experts, officials and community leaders, the report analyzes the experience of four European countries – The Netherlands, Denmark, Norway and the United Kingdom – in countering radicalization. Given the complexity and ever-evolving nature of these initiatives, it does not claim to be an exhaustive survey of the programs implemented in each country nor an assessment of their effectiveness. Rather, it seeks to outline key characteristics and challenges that, despite the obvious differences in context, could be useful to policymakers internationally. In order to do so, this report analyzes the four examined countries individually, focusing on key aspects of their counter-radicalization strategies such as their main characteristics, aims, underlying philosophy, choice of partners and challenges experienced.